Pythagoras, extended
Coordinate distance is the length of the difference vector. In 2D, square Δx and Δy; in 3D, include Δz. The square root returns the straight-line length.
Find distance in five useful ways: between points in 2D or 3D, across Earth from latitude/longitude, from a point to a line, or from speed and time. Every mode shows the formula and the working.
Uses d = √((x₂−x₁)² + (y₂−y₁)²). Integer coordinates also get a simplified radical when possible.
Adds the z-difference: d = √(Δx² + Δy² + Δz²).
Decimal degrees or DMS such as 40 44 54 N. Uses the haversine great-circle model with mean Earth radius 6,371.0088 km; real geodesic distances can differ slightly because Earth is not a perfect sphere.
Also returns the closest point on the line, so you can see where the perpendicular lands.
Leave exactly one value blank. The calculator solves for that quantity and converts units internally.
coordinate units
Coordinate distance is the length of the difference vector. In 2D, square Δx and Δy; in 3D, include Δz. The square root returns the straight-line length.
The haversine formula computes the shorter great-circle arc between two coordinates. This is “as-the-crow-flies” distance, not road, walking, or airline-route distance.
For Ax + By + C = 0, the distance is |Ax₀ + By₀ + C| / √(A²+B²). The calculator also projects the point onto the line.
d = vt, v = d/t, and t = d/v are the same relationship rearranged. Unit conversion happens before the solve, then converts back to your chosen units.
Round only at the end; answers within 0.01 are accepted.
d = √((x₂−x₁)²+(y₂−y₁)²)d = √(Δx²+Δy²+Δz²)d = 2R asin(√a)with spherical Earth approximation|Ax₀+By₀+C| / √(A²+B²)d = vtΣ segment distancesAll calculations use JavaScript double-precision arithmetic. Geographic mode uses a spherical mean-Earth model, so it is suitable for learning and quick great-circle estimates but not survey-grade geodesy. No routing service is queried, so this page does not claim road or walking distance. Inputs and recent Daily scores stay in your browser.